Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) 1--Definition & Overview A bicuspid aortic valve is a congenital cardiac malformation in which the aortic valve has two cusps instead of three (tricuspid). It is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly, affecting 1–2% of the population, more common in males (≈3:1 ratio). Usually discovered incidentally on echocardiogram or after developing a murmur or complications. --- 2--Embryology Normally, the aortic valve develops from endocardial cushions and truncoconal swel