Flow is controlled by either throttling or diverting it. Throttling involves reducing orifice size until all of the flow cannot pass through the orifice; bypassing involves routing part of the flow ...

Learning the basics can ease loop tuning frustration and ensure stability. During plant operations, it seems that tuning control loops is an ongoing task, which can be a continual frustration to ...

Integrated slug-flow optimization can mitigate flow problems in a wide range of both offshore and onshore operating conditions. Slug flow is one of the most common flow states in horizontal and ...

It takes a large number of control valves to run a power plant, and while some valves are more critical to plant operations than others, it always follows that when a severe service valve fails, the ...

Choked flow in control valves is a subject of serious concern for industrial users. The term is usually associated with destructive process conditions that can damage valve internals or expose ...

Piezo elements are electromechanical transducers that convert mechanical forces (pressure, tensile stress or acceleration) into voltages. The inverse piezoelectric effect, precisely the opposite, ...