Neanderthals used rock drills to treat an infected tooth, according to a study that pushes back the earliest known evidence of dentistry by more than 40,000 years.

For decades, the disappearance of Neanderthals has been explained through dramatic stories of sudden extinction. Some theories suggested they were hunted, others that they starved when climates ...

An unusual tooth found in a cave offers a rare glimpse into a surprising procedure prehistoric humans might have performed to fix a cavity 59,000 years ago. Researchers uncovered the lower molar of an ...

Not every modern human has the same set of Neanderthal DNA, however; different people will, by chance, have inherited different fragments. But there are also some areas, termed “Neanderthal deserts,” ...

Modern humans may indeed have wiped out Neanderthals – but not through war or murder alone. A new study suggests that when the two species interbred, a slow-acting genetic incompatibility increased ...

Going by the headlines, the matter seems to be settled. El País announces that Neanderthal men "chose" sapiens women. Science journal speaks of a "partner preference." National Geographic is already ...

The 2010 discovery that early humans and Neanderthals once encountered one another and had babies was a scientific bombshell that electrified the field of human origins. Now, geneticists at the ...

Most people alive today carry fragments of Neanderthal DNA in their genome. Now scientists are gaining a more intimate understanding of the ancient encounters that put it there. By Carl Zimmer One of ...